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The Act, which authorizes many elements of the Department of Housing and Urban Development's sustainability agenda, is intended to help towns and regions create regional sustainability plans and implement development projects that meet the need for integrated transportation, housing, sustainable land use, and economic growth. It has three main components:
1. It establishes competitive planning grants to create smart growth plans that integrate transportation, housing, land use, and economic development;
2. It establishes grants to cities and towns to invest in public transportation, affordable housing, complete streets, transit-oriented development, and brownfield cleanup and reuse; and
3. It establishes the government infrastructure to administer these new programs, including an Interagency Council on Sustainable Communities, based in the Department of Housing and Urban Development, and with representation from the Department of Transportation, the Environmental Protection Agency, and other federal agencies.